The Persian Garden refers to a collection of garden designing and developments were invented by Iranians, as the pioneer nation who believed in the pure beauty of heaven, which was called Paradise by them. The property includes nine historical gardens as the best examples to demonstrate the Persian gardening techniques, were inscribed on UNESCO’s World Heritage list in 2011. Some of the Persian gardens scattered in the most important tourism cities of Iran like Isfahan, Kashan, Shiraz, Yazd and Kerman so that they become one of the most popular attractions for tourists who are interested in the Persian art and architecture.
Where is the oldest persian garden located ?
The oldest example of Persian gardens located in the Achaemenian city, Pasargadae. Under Cyrus, the great (reign, 559-530 BC) orders, the garden served as the ideal index to organize and develop the palaces and other parts of the complex.
Under the influence of Zoroastrianism, the gardens built to be the best places to exhibit and symbolized the important elements including Sky, Earth, Water and Plant.
The nine gardens dating from 6th century BC to 19th century, featuring structures like palaces, pavilions and manner houses, Qanat, internal network of canals to transport water and pounds. The basic plan of gardens consists of a massive structure like a palace or house at the middle and surrounding quadrants divided by waterways or pathways, it means by this form the gardens were divided into four sectors, were water playing an important part in both irrigation and ornamentation.
These are the nine gardens :
- Pasargadae
- Bagh-e Eram
- Bagh-e Chehel Sotun
- Bagh-e Fin
- Bagh-e Abas Abad
- Bagh-e Shahzadeh
- Bagh-e Dolat Abad
- Bagh-e Pahlavanpur,
- Bagh-e Akbariyeh
The Chahar Bagh style (Four-garden) applied to constructs the gardens related to a part of towns. The idea of the Persian garden expressed in Persian literature, poetry, music, calligraphy and carpet design. The techniques of Persian gardening widely applied by the Indian and Spanish architects within the last centuries. The influence of Persian gardens style is obviously observable in Alhambra in Spain, Humayun’s Tomb and Taj Mahal in India.